Ticks and fleas are tiny creatures that can attach themselves to your dog’s fur and skin. While they’re generally more a nuisance than a health hazard, these pests can carry diseases that can be risky to your pet and your family. That’s why an updated pet vaccine schedule is important in keeping your furry friend healthy.
So, you must be aware of the risks posed by ticks and fleas and the diseases they can transmit. Keep reading to learn more about these common parasites, their dangers, and how to keep them away from your dog for good.
What Diseases Do Ticks and Fleas Spread?
There are several diseases that ticks and fleas can spread to both people and animals. Some of the most common include:
1. Lyme Disease
A bacteria called Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease in dogs. This bacteria is transmitted to animals through the bite of an infected tick. This condition can lead to a wide range of symptoms in dogs, including:
- Joint pain
- Fever
- Loss of appetite
- Death (in some cases)
Though Lyme disease is most commonly found in the northeastern United States, it has also been reported in other places in the country, including the upper Midwest, California, and even Canada.
The best prevention is to check your dog for ticks regularly, especially if they spend time outdoors in areas where it is common. You should also talk to your veterinarian about tick prevention products that may be right for your pet.
2. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
RMSF is another potentially deadly disease that ticks can transmit. A bacteria known as Rickettsia rickettsii causes this condition.
Dogs with RMSF may show symptoms such as:
- Fever
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Rash
As the disease progresses, your dog may develop neurological problems and suffer from seizures. Treatment usually involves antibiotics and intensive supportive care.
3. Ehrlichiosis
Ehrlichiosis is a disease caused by a bacteria called Ehrlichia canis. This bacteria is transmitted to dogs through the bite of an infected tick.
The symptoms of ehrlichiosis can vary depending on the stage of the disease. In the early stages, dogs may show signs of:
- Fever
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
In the later stages, dogs may develop more serious problems, such as:
- Bleeding disorders
- Kidney failure
- Neurological problems
This means that in severe cases, you may need to take your dog to an animal internist or emergency animal hospital for treatment.
3. Babesiosis
Babesiosis is a parasite-causing disease that can be transmitted through the bites of infected ticks and fleas.
Dogs with babesiosis might show a wide range of symptoms, ranging from a sudden collapse accompanied by systemic shock to a hemolytic crisis (the body attacks and destroys red blood cells called hemolysis), to a slowly progressing infection with no clinical symptoms.
Dogs with severe babesiosis can manifest the following signs:
- Abnormally dark urine
- Fever
- Weakness
- Pale mucous membranes
- Depression
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Enlarged spleen
4. Anaplasmosis
Anaplasmosis is a condition caused by a bacteria called Anaplasma phagocytophilum. This bacteria is transmitted to dogs through the bite of an infected tick.
Pets that are positive with anaplasmosis may be asymptomatic, but young dogs may experience more symptoms, including:
- Lethargy
- Weakness
- Pale gums (anemia)
- Bruising on skin surface/gums (poor blood clotting)
- Loss of appetite, weight loss
- Fever
In more severe cases, dogs may develop problems with their blood clotting, which can lead to excessive bleeding. If not treated quickly, anaplasmosis can be fatal.
Final Words
Ticks and fleas are a nuisance and can also transmit serious diseases to people and animals. The best way to help protect your dog is to check them regularly for parasites and speak with your veterinarian about tick and flea prevention products.
In addition to other vet specialists (such as an animal dentist), you should also note that being a responsible dog owner involves taking your animal to the vet for regular check-ups. This is to catch potential problems early and ensure that your pet is up-to-date on their vaccinations.